| Non-CT-assisted group (N=50) | CT-assisted group (N=56) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 33.96±6.86 | 34.68±6.28 | 0.574* |
| Sex (n) | |||
| Male | 30 | 36 | 0.650φ |
| Female | 20 | 20 | |
| Operative level | 1.000* | ||
| L1 | 23 | 26 | |
| L2 | 18 | 20 | |
| L3 | 9 | 10 | |
| Diabetes | 6 | 8 | 0.729φ |
| Hypertension | 4 | 6 | 0.885φ |
| Active smokers | 16 | 18 | 0.987φ |
| BMI | 23.66±1.64 | 23.70±1.61 | 0.900* |